西安城乡几种常见老年病流行病学调查

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF SEVERAL COMMON SENILEDISEASES IN CITY AND COUNTRYSIDE OF XI'AN

为了对影响老年人健康和生在质量的几种常见老年病的现状和分布特点，用随机整群抽样的方法对西安城乡1082例60岁及以上老年人进行问卷和体检．结果表明：老年人前列腺增生、老年性耳聋、白内障、骨头节病、骨折、便秘的患病率在城市分别为：44．3％、28．8％、38．3％、21．4％，12．8％、16．8％；在乡村分别为：23．6％、33．5％、45．6％、16．2％、4．9％、10．2％。其中前列腺增生、骨关节病、骨折、便秘的患病率城市均高于乡村（P均＜0．01）:而老年性耳聋、白内障的患病率乡村均高手成为（P均＜0．01）．老年人上述几种常见病的既往诊断率均低于现患率（P均＜0．01），且农村比城市更加明显（P＜0．01）。提示今后应当加强对老年人特别是农村老年人几种常见病的防治研究。

in order to investigate the actualityand distributing characteristics of several commonsenile diseases which influence senile people onhealth and survival quality, questionnaires andphysical examinations were done on 1082 senile peakpie (age>60) living in city and eountrySide in Xi'anby using the method of cluster sampling at random.The results showed that in senile poeple the prevalence rates of hyperplasia of prostate, senile deafness, cataract, osteoarthropathy, fracture and constipation were 44. 3%, 28. 8%, 38. 3%, 21. 4%, 12.8% and 16. 8%, respectively in city,and 23. 6%,33. 5%, 45. 6%, 16. 2%, 4. 9% and 10. 2%, respectively in countrySide. The prevalence rates of hyperplasia of prostate (P <0. 01 ),osteoarthropathy (P< 0. 01 ),fracture (P <0. 01 ) and constipation (P<0. 01) were all higher in city than in countried.The prevalence rates of deafness (P <0. 01) andcataract (P <0. 01) were all higher in countriedthan in city. In senile People diagnosis rates of theabove common diseases were all lower than theirprevalence rates (P < 0. 01). The diagnOSis rateswere lower in countryside than in city (P <0. 01).It is concluded that prevention and cure of commonsenile diseases should be enhanced, especially incountryside.