体重和温度对华贵栉孔扇贝(Chlamys nobilis)耗氧率和排氨率的影响

EFFECT OF BODY WEIGHT AND TEMPERATURE ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIA-N EXCRETION RATES OF CHLAMYS NOBILIS

采用室内实验生态学方法对华贵栉孔扇贝的耗氧率和排氨率进行了研究。旨在为华贵栉孔扇贝养殖容量的调查及生态生理的研究提供参考,并可为海洋生态系统动力学和贝类能量学研究提供科学依据。实验结果表明,在实验温度(13—33℃)范围内,华贵栉孔扇贝的耗氧率(OR)和排氨率(NR)与体重(W)都呈负相关,可以用Y=aW-b表示。华贵栉孔扇贝的耗氧率和温度的关系可以表示为OR=-c+b1T-b2T2。在13—28℃温度范围内,华贵栉孔扇贝的耗氧率随温度的升高而增加,28℃时,耗氧率达到最大值,温度升高到33℃时,耗氧率反而下降。而排氨率与温度的关系可以表示为1NR=c1edT,在实验温度范围内,排氨率随温度的升高则呈持续升高趋势。华贵栉孔扇贝呼吸和排泄Q10值范围分别为0.466—2.471和1.129—2.437。在23—28℃温度范围内,不同规格华贵栉孔扇贝的耗氧率和排氨率的比值(原子数O:N)较高。方差分析表明,体重、温度及二者的交互作用对华贵栉孔扇贝的耗氧率和排氨率均有极显著的影响(P<0.01)。华贵栉孔扇贝的日常代谢明显高于标准代谢,耗氧率和排氨率平均值分别提高29.9%和69.4%。

The rates of oxygen consumption and amrnonia-N excretion of Chlamys nobilis were studied in laboratory, aiming at the investigation on carrying capacity for aquaculture of C. nobilis, and on the physiology of cultivating pearls and ocean ecosystem dynamics and shellfish energy. The results show that the oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates of C. nobilis were negatively correlated with the body weight in a power function in 13--33℃, and the oxygen consumption rate increases with increasing water temperature at 13--28 ℃, which reaches the maximum at 28 ℃. The relationship between the ammonia-N excretion rate of C. nobilis is markedly positively correlated with temperature in a power function also in 13--33℃. The respiratory and excretion Q10 range from 0.466--2.471 and 1.129--2.437, respectively. ANOVA shows that body weight, water temperature, and their interaction have significant effects on the oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates. Between 23--28℃, higher O/N, much higher routine metabolism than the standard metabolism, and greater oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates by 29.9% and 69.4%, respectively were observed.