栽培青蒿精油质量标准初步研究

Preliminary Study of the Quality Standards of Essential Oil in the Cultured Artemisia annua

目的研究制定栽培青蒿精油的质量标准。方法水蒸气蒸馏法提取精油,GC-MS法分析精油的化学组成。结果21批精油样品中共鉴定出72个相对百分含量大于1.00%化合物,其中樟脑（2.58%～37.50%）、龙脑（2.40%～40.58%）、β-石竹烯（2.02%～13.10%）、大根香叶烯-D（0.00%～10.85%）,β-石竹烯氧化物（0.00%～10.33%）、匙叶桉油烯醇（0.00%～7.55%）、2-（4 a,8-二甲基-1,2,3,4,4 a,5,6,7-八氢-2-萘基）-2-丙烯-1-醇（0.00%～5.62%）、杜松醇（0.00%～4.83%）和β-芹子烯（0.00～3.25%）在精油样品中普遍存在;且在16个精油样品中总量均在50.00%以上,最高达85.21%。结论据文献报道的上述化合物的药理活性并结合本实验的研究结果综合分析,初步制定青蒿精油的质量标准如下：9个化合物在精油中的总含量应该不低于50.00%。

OBJECTIVE To establish the quality standards of the cultured Artemisia annua essential oils, and to investigate twenty-one cuhured A. annua that collected from Chongqing, China. METHODS The essential oils were extracted with steam distillation method from A. annua leaves and their chemical compositions were analyzed with GC-MS method. RESULTS Seventy-two com- pounds with high content （ ≥ 1.00% ） were identified, camphor （2. 58% - 37.50% ）, horneol （ 2. 40% - 40. 58% ） , β-caryo-phyllene （2. 02% - 13.10% ）, germacrene 1） （0. 00% - 10. 85% ）, caryophyllene oxide （0. 00% - 10. 33% ）, spathulenol （ 0. 00% - 7. 55 % ）, 2- （ 4a, 8-Dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,6,7-octahydro-2-naphthalenyl ） -2-propen-1 -ol （0.00% - 5.62% ）, cadinol （0. 00% -4. 83% ）,β-selinene （0. 00% -3.25% ） were obtained widely in essential oils. The total content of the nine compounds was more than 50% in sixteen essential oils, and the highest was up to 85.21%. CONCLUSION In combination our results with the pharmacological activity frorn the literature, the quality standards were developed as follows： the total content of the above nine compounds in the essential oil of A. annua should not be less than 50. 00%.