昆明市植烟土壤养分状况分区评价

Evaluation of Nutrients' Availability of Tobacco-growing Soils in Counties of Kunming

对昆明市各县区主要植烟土壤养分状况进行普查。结果表明:各县区植烟土壤pH总体适宜,而有机质含量和氮、磷、镁、硫和锌的平均有效含量普遍过高;钾、锰、钼和氯除个别县区外,总体不缺,但所有县区均普遍缺硼。各县区内各植烟土壤间养分状况有较大差异,均有相当比例的土壤其pH、有机质、磷、钾、镁、锰、钼和氯等一种或多种指标同时存在偏低或过高的现象。在烤烟施肥及土壤酸碱性改良等方面,各县区应强调因地制宜、分类指导,避免"一刀切",以尽可能提高植烟土壤的养分均衡供应能力。

Soil samples were collected from the tobacco-growing area of ten counties of Kunming before transplanting tobacco seedlings in 2005 and 2006,and soil pH,organic matter content and availability of N,P,K,Mg,S,Cl,Zn,B,Mn and Mo were assessed.The results showed that for 10 counties,the average values of soil pH were still generally in desirable rage,while the mean values of organic matter content,available N,P,Mg,S and Zn were a little higher than expected,and the deficiency of K,Mn,Mo and Cl were not common except B.However,there existed much variation in soil pH,organic matter content and the availability of P,K,Mg,Mn,Mo and Cl among tobacco-growing soils in each county,where lower or higher value of one or more indices mentioned above were frequently recorded.It was suggested that management of soil fertility should be based on the particular site by the means of fertilization and amendment of soil pH etc.,in order to improve the reasonable availability of nutrients.