连续覆膜旱作稻氮、磷、钾养分分布特征探讨

Distribution of N,P and K in Rice Plant under a Long-term Located Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation

通过长期田间定位试验对自2001年起连续覆膜旱作稻N、P、K养分吸收分布特征及秸秆还田对其影响作了研究。结果表明,水稻各器官中籽粒氮磷浓度最高,而钾在茎部最高;氮磷含量主要分布在籽粒,钾主要分布在叶和茎部;秸秆还田提高了植株体内总氮和钾吸收量,而磷稍有降低,具有降低籽粒中氮磷钾的浓度趋势,且它们在籽粒中分配率都有所下降。随着氮肥用量增加,覆膜旱作稻籽粒氮浓度和氮吸收量、以及磷钾吸收量均有所增加,而磷和钾浓度则稍有下降趋势;氮、磷和钾在籽粒中的分配率降低。与常规水作和裸地旱作相比,覆膜旱作一定程度提高了水稻各器官氮浓度以及根茎叶中磷浓度,但籽粒中磷浓度以及各器官中钾浓度差异甚微。覆膜旱作提高了植株总氮、磷和钾含量,籽粒中氮占植株总氮含量比率稍有提高,磷和钾在籽粒中的分配率则稍低于常规水作。

A lone-term located field experiment with plastic film mulching cultivation （PM） and straw incorporation （SI） was carried out from 2001,to explore N,P and K distribution under those conditions.The results showed that N and P concentrations were the highest in rice grain and K in shoot of all organs.N and P concentrations mostly lay in grain and K in leaf and shoot.Compared with non-straw incorporation （NSI）,SI tend to increase total N and K absorbed content in rice plant,but to decrease P absorption lightly.And that it reduced N,P and K content in rice grain and their distributing ratio of grain to plant.More N fertilizer,PM could improve N,P and K concentrations,but reduce P and K concentrations in rice grain.In comparison with traditional flooding cultivation （TF） and non flooded non-mulching cultivation （NM）,PM increased N concentration of all organs and P concentration with exception to grain.Furthermore,PM enhanced total N,P and K content of rice plant and the ratio of grain to plant for N,but slightly reduced the ratio for P and K compared with TF.