“民法-宪法”关系的演变与民法的转型——以欧洲近现代民法的发展轨迹为中心

The Change of Relation Between Civil Law and Constitution and the Transformation of Civil Law

民法与宪法的关系,在欧洲国家近现代法制发展的不同历史时期,呈现出不同的面貌。从民法最初的相对独立性,到后来受到宪法的深刻影响,再到最近的全球化背景之下的民事交易法的独立性的重新强化,这些发展,是欧洲社会政治经济结构发展和演变的结果,也与欧洲国家宪法体制的发展密切相关。在这样的过程中,欧洲国家民法的理念和制度,随着其所处的环境的变化,也处于不断的演变之中。

In European countries, the relation ship between civil law and Constitution shows different visages in the modern history. In the first stage of the middle 19th century,the civil law enjoys an independent position in front of the Constitution, but as a consequence of political democracy,the Constitution become the base and the centre of the legal system, the classical model of civil law have experienced the process of ＂constitut- ionnalisation＂. In recent epoch, the tendency of the globalization is changing the relation between the civil law and the Constitution. In the historical development of the relation between the civil law and the Constitution in European countries, the changes of social economical structure play an important role.