双季稻区油菜移栽与直播性状比较研究

A Comparison between Transplanting and Direct Sowing Characters of Rape in Double-rice Region

以6个甘蓝型油菜杂交品种(组合)为供试材料,分别对双季稻区油菜移栽和直播两种栽培方式下的生产表现进行了对比分析。结果表明:各品种(组合)移栽平均产量均高于直播30%以上。在主要经济性状上,总体趋势表现为移栽方式下单位面积总角果数显著高于直播、平均每角粒数略多于直播,千粒重差异不明显。播种期及栽培方式对成熟期影响不大,主要取决于各品种(组合)不同的遗传特性。同时对各参试品种(组合)的耕作适应性进行了比较,提出了适于直播栽培的油菜品种特性与生产要求。

Six hybrid variets （or combinations） of Brassica napus were taken as experimental materials, and the producing performances of rape with transplanting and direct sowing in double-rice region were compared and analyzed separately. The results showed that the average yield of each varieties （or combinations） with transplanting were all 30% higher than that with direct sowing. The general trend of main economic characters performed as follows： the total silique number per unit area with transplanting was significantly higher than that with direct sowing, the average number of seeds per silique with transplanting was a little higher than that with direct sowing, and the different of lO00-grain weight between transplanting and direct sowing was not significant. The mature period of rape is not affected by sowing period or cultivating methods, it is mainly affected by the different genetic characters of different varieties （or combinations）. The tillage adaptability of each tested varieties （or combinations） was compared, then, the variety characteristics and production requirements of rapes that are suitable for direct sowing were proposed.