冰川积雪融水补给为主河流水库蓄水期起始时间的判定

The Starting Time Judgment of the Impounding of Reservoir Recharged by Glaciers and Snowmelt

如何科学合理地确定水库蓄水期起始时间对保证水库正常运行、下游灌溉、供水、河道生态需水等方面有重要的作用,尤其是以冰川积雪融水补给为主的河流水库。而目前在实际水库运行中也没有一个较好的合理确定标准和方法,只能根据流域特性水库运行管理人员主观确定,受人为因素影响较大,增加了水库正常运行的不确定性,不能充分发挥水库各方面的效益。因此提出在以MOD IS积雪监测数据基础上结合零度层高度监测数据即雪线高度合理确定水库蓄水期起始时间的方法,更具有说服力及合理性,对水库运行管理提供了一定的指导依据,有利于当地水资源的合理利用,并通过实际应用说明方法是可行的。

It plays an important role in how to scientifically and rationally ascertain the starting time of the impounding to ensure the normal operation of reservoirs, the downstream irrigation, water supply, the eeo-water demand of river and so on, especially the reservoirs and rivers which are mainly recharged by glaciers and snow meltwater. At present, there are still no reasonable de- termination standards and methods to judge the beginning time in actual operation of reservoirs. However, this can only be determined subjectively by operation and management staff of reservoirs according to basin characteristics and people＇ s experience, hence more influenced by artificial factors. This will increase the uncertain factors on the normal operation of reservoirs and can＇t produce more benefits, so the method is lodged on the basis of MODIS snow cover monitoring data combined with the altitude monitoring data of the 0 ℃-layer for rational ascertaining the starting time of the impounding of reservoirs, which will have even more persuasion and rationality, will provide a reference for operation and management of reservoirs and will be beneficial in rational using local water resource. By the actual application two methods are shown to be feasible.