蕾铃期涝渍相随对棉花叶片光合作用与产量的影响

Effects of Subsurface Waterlogging Following after Surface Waterlogging in Period of Cotton Budding to Flowering and Bearing Bolls on Leaf Photosynthesis

在棉花蕾铃期进行了涝渍相随试验，对奢水胁迫过程及涝后棉花主茎功能叶的光合作用相关指标进行了观察。结果表明，随着涝后受渍程度的增加，叶片的叶绿素相对值、净光合速率、水分利用效率逐渐降低，叶片气孔导度则有增加的趋势，减产幅度达22％以上，严重者减产近一半。根据试验结果，为促进植株尽快恢复，建议在涝解除后3～6d将地下水位降至80cm以下，并在涝解除后第5d或第6d适当追肥。

Experiments of subsurface waterlogging following surface waterlogging related to cotton were done, and photosynthetic indices of functional leaf of the crop were observed during watery stress and after that phase. The results showed that the relevant indices such as relative value of chlorophyll （Rc）, neat photosynthetic velocity （Pn）, water use efficiency of leaf （WUEc） are reduced gradually along with increase of the extent of subsurface waterlogging after surface waterlogging, while stomatal conductance of leaf （Gs） is towards increase, reduction of output was more than 22%, cotton yield of the most serious treatment reduced to a half. According to the trial results, and for purpose of cotton plants to restore their normal growth, the paper suggested that depressing the water level to 80 cm of ground in 3 to 6 days, and fertilizing into cotton field should be conducted moderately at the 5^th day or 6^th day after surface waterlogging to be eliminated.