我国西部四城市变应性鼻炎门诊患者相关情况调查

Survey on the epidemiological features of allergic rhinitis at out-patient in western area of China

目的获得我国西部四城市(重庆市、四川省成都市、新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市、广西省南宁市)鼻变态反应专科门诊变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者临床表现特点、伴发疾病情况、经济支出以及生活质量等流行病学资料。方法2005年3月～2006年12月采用问卷调查、鼻腔专科检查、变应原皮肤点刺试验等对四城市AR门诊患者进行相关调查。采用SAS9.13完成统计分析。结果共完成有效调查2267人次,AR患者打喷嚏、流清涕、鼻塞、鼻痒的发生率分别为88%、89.19%、85.58%、83.58%。被调查人群中43.80%有家族过敏史,其中25.50%有家族性AR史,13.45%有家族性哮喘史。被调查人群中46.98%患者有个人过敏史,合并哮喘的占10.50%。分型分析表明,除乌鲁木齐市以季节性AR和轻度间歇性AR为主外,其他城市以常年性AR和中重度持续性AR为主。约50%的患者出现反复吸鼻、总感到不舒服、总是需要携带纸巾,40%患者睡眠不好,近10%以上的人情绪受影响。结论获得了我国西部四城市AR门诊患者临床表现特点等流行病学资料,为AR标准化防治提供了科学参考。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemic features of allergic rhinitis at out-patient in western area of China（Chengdu in Sichuan province, Chongqing, Urumchi in Xinjiang province, Nanning in Guangxi province）. METHODS A questionnaire survey on AR, rhinology examination and skin prick test were carried out among 2267 AR patients at out-patient, from Mar. 2005 to Dec. 2006. RESULTS The incidence rate of sneezing、runny nose、stuffy nose、itchy nose were 88%, 89.19%, 85.58%, 83.58% respectively. 43.80% of AR patients had inherent predisposition that 25.50% had hereditary AR and 13.45% had hereditary asthma. 46.98% of AR patients had other allergic diseases, among them 10.50% combined with asthma. According to the classification criteria of Haikou in 1997 and ARIA in 2001, there were mainly seasonal AR and mild intermittent AR in Urumchi area, while perennial AR and moderate-severe persistent AR in other areas. There was a significant impairment in Quality of life that 50% were always upset and 40% didn＇t sleep well and more than 10% had emotional affections. CONCLUSION We had got epidemic data such as characteristics of clinical presentation of AR at out-patient in western of China. Strategy of prevention and treatment of AR should be worked out according to the epidemic feature of AR.