影像导航辅助内镜下额隐窝气房分布解剖特征研究

The distributional characteristics of frontal recess cells during image navigation assisted endoscopic sinus surgery

目的影像导航系统引导下额隐窝气房分布特征解剖研究。方法选择慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者20例,男性17例,女性3例,39侧。手术中在影像导航引导下经鼻内镜行额隐窝及额窦开放,术中观察额窦引流方式及额隐窝气房的分布特征并通过影像导航对其进行确认。结果以额窦口为中心,划分额窦口前区、额窦口区和额窦口后区,鼻丘气房和额气房位于额窦口前,窦中隔气房和终末隐窝与额窦口同一平面,上筛泡隐窝、额泡气房和眶上气房位于额窦口后区。其中,术中鼻内镜下对鼻丘气房、I型额气房和II型额气房、上筛泡隐窝、额泡气房及窦中隔气房的识别与导航确认符合率最高(100%),额窦口符合率为89.7%;眶上气房为80%;终末隐窝为71.4%及III型额气房和IV型额气房符合率为60%。结论以额窦口为中心,额隐窝气房呈现额窦口周围较为固定分布规律,并对判断额窦口和开放额窦有很好的解剖参考意义,同时,对额隐窝气房的识别和开放亦有很好的指导意义。

OBJECTIVE To recognize the frontal recess cells and analyze their distributional characteristics during image navigation assisted endoscopic sinus surgery. METHODS 20 cases（39 sides）of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps were observed in this study. The fontal recess cells and frontal sinus were opened under the endoscope and the distributional characteristics were observed and recorded, and then confirmed by the image navigation system. RESULTS Centred on frontal sinus ostium, frontal recess cells were divided into three areas： the agger nasi cell（ANC）and frontal cells（FC）are located in front of frontal sinus ostium（FS）; frontal septum cells（IFSSC）and terminal cells（RT）are located at the same plane of FS; supra-ethmoidal bulla recess（SBR）, frontal bulla cell（FBC）and super-obital cells（SOEC）are in the posterior area. The coincidence of identification for ANC, FCI and II, SBR, FBC and IFSSC under endoscope and image navigation is 100%, the coincidence of identification for FS is 89.7%, SOEC 80%, RT 71.4% and FC III and IV 60%. CONCLUSION The distribution of the frontal recess cells around the frontal ostium showed a fixed pattern.It would well benefit the orientation of frontal ostium and the opening of frontal sinus. Furthermore, it is significant for the orientation and opening of the frontal recess cells.