北京典型园林植物区空气负离子分布特征研究

Distribution characteristics of negative air ions in typical garden areas of Beijing

对北京典型园林植物区香山、颐和园、植物园等地开展了不同季节空气负离子浓度的测定,并结合空旷地和市区的观测结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:园林植物的存在可以明显提高空气负离子的浓度,有植被地区空气负离子数值明显高于无植被区。空气负离子浓度随海拔高度的增加呈单峰曲线形式,与各海拔高度的植被状况关系密切,并随着空间梯度的增加而减小。空气负离子浓度在园林植物区日动态变化明显,呈双峰曲线形式。不同生境空气负离子浓度随季节不同变化明显,夏秋季节浓度较高。空气负离子浓度与温度和相对湿度成正相关关系。

The concentration of negative air ions in different seasons was monitored in typical garden areas of Beijing,i.e. the Fragrant Hill,the Summer Palace and the Botanical Garden. Comparative analyses were conducted combined with the results from open spaces and urban areas. The results show that the presence of landscape plants can significantly enhance the negative air ion concentration,which was significantly higher in vegetation areas than that in non-vegetation areas. The negative air ion concentration showed a single peak curve with increasing elevation and was closely correlated with the condition of the vegetation at specific elevations. The diurnal fluctuation of negative air ion concentration in garden areas showed a bimodal curve. The negative air ion concentration in different habitats changed clearly with the seasons,with higher concentrations in the summer and autumn. The concentration of negative air ions was also positively correlated with temperature and relative humidity.