普通小麦与高冰草不对称体细胞杂种F_2代 Ⅰ表型与性状分析

F 2 PLANT ORIGINATED FROM INTERGENERIC SOMATIC HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN TRITICUM AESTIVUM AND AGROPYRON ELONGATUM ,Ⅰ STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND YIELD PROPERTIES

普通小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）济南１７７原生质体和经紫外线照射的高冰草（Ａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎｅｌｏｎｇａｔｕｍ）原生质体用ＰＥＧ法诱导融合，形成杂种植株，但未能正常结实．杂种植株经子房诱导产生可育Ｆ０代；将Ｆ０代产生的４粒种子播种后产生Ｆ１代植株，对由其产生的Ｆ２代４个株系进行田间观察和室内考种．分析表明，Ｆ２代植株的表现型及产量性状均明显优于亲本小麦．田间穗行、株系表型稳定，具有抗寒、茎杆硬、抗倒伏等优良性状．在分蘖数、单株粒重及千粒重等产量性状上亦有明显优势，此研究为培育体细胞杂种优良小麦品系奠定了基础．

Protoplast derived from common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.c·v.Jinan 177)were fused with UV treated protoplasts originated from Agropyron elongatum by PEG Method and highly asymmetric somatic hybrid plants were obtained,but they could not produced seed.Fertile hybrid F 0 plants were obtained through the method of young embryos of the hybrid plants being rescued. Four seeds derived from F 0 plants potted in soil and the hybrid F 1 plants from them expressed as Ⅰ 1,Ⅰ 2,Ⅱ 1 and Ⅱ 2,these F 1 hybrid seeds were sawed in individual spike line for Ⅰ 1,Ⅱ 1 and individual plant line for Ⅰ 2 and Ⅱ 2.The observation of F 2 strains revealed that they were stable in morphology and possessed some better characters than parent wheat,such as resistance to cold and lodging,higher tillers,more grain numbers per spike and higher 1000 grain weights, et al. This study laid a foundition for the hybrid strains being used in wheat breeding.