苦荞地方种质资源的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Tartary Buckwheat Germplasms

利用SSR分子标记技术对中国苦荞主产区陕西、云南、四川、西藏等地的82份苦荞地方种质的遗传多样性进行了分析,以揭示中国特有的作物种质——苦荞地方种质资源的遗传多样性,促进苦荞优良品种的选育。结果显示：（1）所用25个SSR引物中有13个引物在苦荞地方品种中具有多态性,且扩增条带的稳定性较好,共扩增出208条条带,其中多态性条带200条,占总数的96.2%;（2）聚类分析结果显示,82份苦荞材料的遗传相似系数（GS）分布于0.52-0.85之间,平均值为0.69,在GS值为0.722的水平上,82份材料被聚为10大类群。研究表明82份苦荞品种间遗传多样性明显,具有丰富的遗传基础。

In order to know genetic diversity of buckwheat which is unique crop germplasm in China,as well as to promote the breeding of fine varieties of buckwheat,we investigated and compared the genetic diversity of 82 germplasm of tartary buckwheat from the main regions：Shaanxi,Yunnan,Sichuan,Xizang using SSR（Simple Sequence Repeats） markers.The results indicated that：（1） there were 13 primers with medium or high polymorphisms,among the 25 SSR primers used in this study;208 bands were observed in all of the 82 materials,200 of which have a good stability,with a frequency of 96.2%.（2）Result from cluster analysis showed that genetic similarities among 82 varieties ranged from 0.52 to 0.85 with an average of 0.69.When the genetic similarities was 0.722,all materials were clustered into 10 groups in the dendrogram based on SSR data and it indicated that there was a significant genetic diversity and a broader genetic basis among 82 buckwheat cultivars.