陕北农牧交错区生态环境与经济协调发展评价

Evaluation of coordination development between ecology and economy in agro-pastoral ecotone of northern Shaanxi

生态建设与经济协调发展是可持续发展的基本要求。陕北地区属于典型的北方农牧交错地带,其生态与经济协调发展关系到国家能源安全,区域生态稳定,以及当地人民脱贫致富等诸多问题。运用主成分分析法、协调度和协调发展度对陕北农牧交错区生态环境与经济发展相互作用程度进行了定量评价。结果表明:1994-2005年陕北农牧交错区生态环境与经济协调度基本保持在良好协调类型,呈现稳定的态势。协调发展度评价结果显示,1996年以前,该区域发展主要受经济滞后制约;1997-2003年表现为生态与经济同步协调状态;2004年以后,主要表现为生态滞后影响区域社会经济发展。

The coordinative development between environment and economy is viewed as an important way to realize regional sustainable development.The Northern of Shaanxi is an enrichment region of energy resources,and an extremely vulnerable and poverty area as well in China.Its development relates to national energy safety,regional ecosystem stability,and the local people taking off the poverty.The study is based on the analyzing of water and soil,statistics data,weather changing data,water resources utilization data.Using statistics methods,mathematics model,and the paper analyzed degree of coordination and coordination development between ecosystem and economy.The result indicate：（1）The agricultural development level,the village life level,the infrastructure construction condition,and the non-agricultural production growth factors play important roles in economy development in this area.At the same time,the main effect of eco-environment changing is natural ecological pressure and water use efficiency factor,resources and human activities pressure,agricultural production and water resources pressure.（2） The coordination degree of ecology environment and economy keeps with good coordinated development.Among them,Yuyang＇s coordination degree takes on ＂∩＂ evolvement situation.Shenmu and Fugu belongs to slowing comedown type,and the coordination degree changed from high quality coordinated development to intermediate coordinated development,and then to elementary coordinated development.Hengshan and Jingbian belong to a steady ascension type,and the coordination degree ascended from close to the maladjustment to intermediate coordinated development,and evolved to good coordinated development,then to high quality coordinated development.The coordination degree of Dingbian maintains between good coordinated development and high quality coordinated development,but occasionally appear abnormal fluctuate,so,the paper confirms the coordination degree in jumbled changing type.（3） As the coordination degree can not reflect ecosystem and economic integration effect,the paper analyzed the coordination development degree of northern Shaanxi.Before 1998,the region development was mainly restricted by economy.Then,the coordination development degree of ecosystem and economy takes on ascend trend.There has the same development situation between ecosystem and economy from 1998 to 2004.Since 2004,ecology frangibility is mainly restricted factor for regional development in northern Shaanxi.