上颌快速扩弓的口周力研究

Study of changes in perioral muscle pressures following rapid maxillary expansion treatment and retention

目的:研究上颌牙弓狭窄患者在上颌快速扩弓(rapid maxillary expansion,RME)治疗前后和保持后的口周力分布特征和变化。方法:选择上颌牙弓狭窄患者18例,男女各9例,年龄11.3～15.8岁,应用计算机辅助口周力测量系统在RME治疗前后及保持后上下颌双侧第一磨牙和第一双尖牙颊舌侧进行口周力测量及分析。结果:RME治疗前,同一牙弓内左右两侧的颊舌侧压力无显著性差异。RME治疗后,上颌各测量区域颊舌侧压力大于治疗前;下颌各测量区域颊舌侧压力小于治疗前。RME保持后,上下颌各测量区域与正常后牙覆盖时上下颌牙齿颊侧压力分布特征相似;上下颌各测量区域舌侧压力与治疗后无显著性差异。结论:RME治疗后,牙弓形态的改变能引起口周力发生显著性变化,经过保持,口周软组织对于变化了的牙弓形态能够发生适应性改变。RME治疗后必须采取良好的保持措施,使发生显著性变化的口周软组织对于扩大的牙弓发生适应性改变,这样RME治疗结果才能稳定。

Objective To analyse the changes in perioral muscle pressures following rapid maxillary expansion （RME） treatment and retention. Methods Eighteen patients （9 males and 9 females）with constricted maxillary arch were treated with RME.Their ages were from 11.3 to 15.8. A perioral muscle measuring system was used to measure pretreatment, posttreatment and postretention pressures acting on the upper and lower first molars and first premolars buccally and lingually. Results Cheek pressures and tongue pressures after treatment in maxillary regions were higher than those before treatment and in mandibular regions were lower than those before treatment.After retention, cheek pressures were similar with those with normal posterior overjet.Tongue pressures were stable compared with those after treatment. Conclusion After RME treatment, the changes in arch forms could cause significant changes in perioral muscle pressures.After retention, perioral soft tissues were adaptive to the changed arch forms.Good retention measures after RME must be taken in order to produce adaptation in perioral soft tissues,which may contribute to stable results after orthodontic treatment.