2006年重庆市残疾人抽样调查流行病学特征及康复需求分析

Epidemiological characteristics and rehabilitation needs of disabled in Chongqing based on the national sample survey on the disabled in 2006

目的调查重庆市残疾人的流行病学特征及康复需求情况。方法以2006年全国第2次残疾人抽样调查重庆市的数据库资料为依据,调查残疾人流行病学特征及康复需求现状。结果残疾人共4990人,现患率为6.05%。其中男性2689人,现患率为6.43%;女性2301人,现患率为5.66%,男性的现患率与女性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。城镇1262人,现患率为5.27%;农村3728人,现患率为6.37%,农村的现患率与城镇比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肢体残疾现患率最高(33.99%),言语残疾现患率最低(1.96%)。60岁以上老年人所占比例最大(47.13%)。残疾人的主要康复需求为贫困残疾人救助与扶持、医疗服务与救助、康复训练与服务、辅助器具;城镇的首位康复需求是医疗服务与救助,农村的首位康复需求是贫困残疾人救助与扶持;曾接受最多的康复服务均为医疗服务与救助。康复形式的主要需要是机构康复及社区和家庭服务,康复内容主要为医疗服务和康复训练与服务。结论重庆市残疾人人数较多,其中肢体残疾现患率最高,言语残疾现患率最低;男性的残疾现患率高于女性,农村的残疾现患率高于城镇;目前提供的康复服务不能满足残疾人的康复需求。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and needs of rehabilitations in disabled persons in Chongqing. Methods According to the Chongqing data of the Second National Sample Survey on Disability in 2006, their epidemiological characteristics and rehabilitation condition were evaluated. Results Among the 4 990 disable people, 2 689 were males and 2 301 were females, and 1 262 in urban area and 3 728 in rural area. The overall prevalence of disabilities was 6.05% , with 6.43% in men and 5.66% in women, with 5.27% in urban area and 6.37% in rural area. The prevalence of disabilities in men and rural areas were higher than that in the women and urban areas respectively. The prevalence of physical disability was the highest, while the prevalence of speech disability was the lowest. Those over the age of 60 had the largest proportion. The needs of rehabilitation for disable people were huge, but the rehabilitation services were very insufficient. Conclusion There is a large number of disable persons in Chongqing with an overall prevalence of 6.05%. Physical disability is of the highest prevalence, while speech disability of the lowest. The prevalence of overall disabilities in men is higher than in women, and in rural area is higher than in urban area. Huge rehabilitation needs of disabilities exist in Chongqing. The rehabilitation system should be improved to satisfy their needs.