高纯溴甲烷的研制

Preparation of High-Purity Methyl Bromide

高纯溴甲烷是一种重要的电光源气体,虽然用量不大,但其纯度对电光源器件具有很大的影响。详细介绍了溴甲烷的净化方法,指出采用常规的吸附剂如分子筛、细孔硅胶、活性炭不能很好地净化溴甲烷,溴甲烷在这些多孔物质的表面,容易发生歧化反应,导致溴甲烷产生复杂的产物,通过对某特定的吸附剂进行化学处理,能够很好地保留吸附剂的吸附作用,从而有效地消除其歧化作用。介绍了溴甲烷精馏的工艺条件,采用低温精馏可有效除去溴甲烷中的轻组分气体,减少有毒气体的放空量,提高了回收率,有效地减少剧毒气体对人和环境的危害。

Although the amount of high purity methyl bromide used as an important electric light source gas is little, its purity has great effect on electric light source devices. The article introduces purification techniques of methyl bromide in detail,and points out that conventional adsorbents such as the molecular sieve , micro - porous silica, activated carbon cant purify methyl bromide well , because it is easy to carry out disproportionation reaction of methyl bromide over these porous materials, which may result in producing complex products , adsorption effect of the specific adsorbent can be kept well by chemical treatment , thus eliminating its disproportionatian. This article introduces process conditions for distillation of methyl bromide , the results show that cryogenic distillation techniques can remove light component gases in the methyl bromide , decrease venting amount of toxic gases , improve the recovery , which decrease damage of highly toxic gases to human and environment.