量子计算与量子几何位相

Quantum Computation and Geometric Quantum Phase

从量子力学原理出发,说明量子计算是量子计算机的理论基础。量子计算机拥有比经典计算机更为强大的计算能力。而实现量子计算机的关键之一是使用量子几何相位来实现高保真度的普适量子逻辑门。先简要介绍量子计算的基本原理和量子计算机实现所存在的困难以及所采用的方案,然后重点讨论与实现量子计算机方案有关如核磁共振、腔量子电动力学(C-QED)和超导约瑟夫森隧结中的量子几何相位。

From the prinecple of quantum mechanics, we explain that quantuare computation is a theoretical ba- sis of quantum computer. Quantum computers may provide much greater computing power than classical computers. Using geometric quantum phase to realize high - fidelity universal quantum gates is the key to realize quantum computer and its characteristic is to utilize global geometric features to avoid noise influence in some regions, thus realizing high - fidelity quantum gates. First, we briefly introduce the fundamental principle of quantum computation and existing difficulties of quantum computer implementation; finally, we discuss geometric quantum phase related to scheme of quantum computer implementation such as nuclear magnetic resonance （NMS） ,cavity - QED and superconducting Josephson - junction.