经济学的人文性及其对现代主流经济学教学之反思

The Humanity of Economics and Its Reflection on the Teaching of Modern Mainstream Economics

经济学研究的是由人类行为引起的经济现象及经济制度,因而经济学具有强烈的人文性和本土性。事实上,人类心理及社会制度都是历史的产物,人们行为所遵循的规则不是计算理性而是社会理性或历史理性,这是更为全面的广义理性。然而,由于新古典经济学将其研究对象局限于物质资源配置的研究,并基于抽象的研究思维而将理性经济人作为经济分析的出发点,这种分析撇开了人的社会性和历史性,从而造成了理论与现实的脱节。特别是,随着20世纪70年代以来经济学研究内容的不断拓宽,这种脱节越来越明显。因此,经济学要能够引导学子真正认识社会,就必须改革当前的教学方式,重新注入人文性和现实性的内容。

Economics studies human behaviors and the economic phenomenon caused by the behaviors, so economics has intense nature of humanism and indigenization. In fact, human＇ s psychology and social system are the outcomes of history, and the principles ruling human behaviors are not calculative rationality but social rationality or historical rationality, which are the more extensive understanding of rationality. However, neoclassic economics shrinks its study object into the allocation of physical resources, and makes economic analysis under the assumption of rational economic man based on abstract research method. This analysis neglects human＇s sociality and historicity, and separates theory from reality; and the separation becomes wider with the expansion of economics researches since 1970s. Therefore, it is important to reform the present teaching methods by adding more humanistic and realistic contents, so that economics can induct students to understand the real world.