张家界国家森林公园客源市场的空间特征与潜力研究

Research on Spatial Pattern and Potential of Tourist Market for Zhangjiajie National Forestry Park

旅游客源市场的空间特征是旅游地理学研究的重要内容。从数量上度量旅游需求随客源地的空间分布变化,能指导旅游目的地的旅游规划和经营决策。以张家界国家森林公园为例,运用G IS对其国内客源市场进行了空间分析,利用距离累计曲线分析影响其客源分布的因素;最后在引力模型的基础上建立旅游客流空间潜力模型。研究结果表明,张家界国家森林公园的客源市场分布与我国目前经济发展中珠三角、长三角、环渤海三足鼎立的格局保持一致;在此基础上,提出应在保护资源的前提下实现市场优化以达到可持续发展的对策。

Spatial characteristic of tourist market is a critical issue in tourism geography studies. Number of tourists varies with spatial distribation of tourist market. Quantifying the variation can guide the planning and marketing strategy for the tourist destination. Taking Zhangjiajie National Forestry Park as a case, we use GIS to perform a spatial analysis on its domestic tourist market. In terms of the percentage of tourists, the tourist market is divided into 3 categories： primary market, secondary mar- ket, and fringe market. Then, Distance Cumulative Curve and Spatial Use Curve are used to analyze the factors influencing the distribution of tourist resource which include distance between destination and origination, economic level, local population. Fi- nally, a model indicating the spatial variation of tourist flows is built based on the Gravity Model. The results show that the spa- tial pattern of tourist market for Zhangjiajie National Forestry Park matches the current economic developing distribution in Chi- na： Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Bohai Coastal Region stand on the top. On the premise of preserving the natural resource, a strategy that optimizes the market so as to achieve a sustainable development is proposed.