阿诺德:文化精英主义者抑或有机知识分子?

Arnold:A Cultural Elitist or an Organic Intellectual

阿诺德不仅是传统意义上的"文人"及文化精英主义者,其《多佛海滩》为代表的传世佳作,通过诗歌即"人生批评"的理论奠定了英国文学批评的基础,而且更是葛兰西意义上的"有机知识分子",毕生致力于改造由心胸狭隘、不具亲和力、不具吸引力的中产阶级所代表的维多利亚时代英国社会。换言之,传播与丰富"世界上的最佳思想与言论"的,并非是作为传统文人的阿诺德,而是作为有机知识分子的阿诺德。

Arnold is not only a literary man in the traditional sense and a cultural elitist, but also a Gramseian organic intellectual. His representative works ＂Dover Beach＂laid a foundation for British literary criticism by the theory ＂Life Criticism＂ of his poem. Arnold devoted himself to recasting the Victorian England represented by the narrow-minded and unattracted middle class. In other words, it is Arnold, who is as an organie intellectual, not as a traditional literary man, that disseminated and enriehed ＂the best ideas and views of the world＂.