转化生长因子β促肿瘤侵袭转移的作用机制

Mechanism of transforming growth factor-β in tumor invasion and metastasis

转化生长因子β（TGF—β）在肿瘤形成、进展过程中具有双重作用。在肿瘤发生的起始阶段，TGF-β能抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖和诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡。在肿瘤进展期，肿瘤细胞又能通过自分泌和旁分泌过量TGF-β促进自身的侵袭和转移。TGF—β促进肿瘤侵袭转移的机制主要有以下几个方面：①诱导上皮细胞．间充质转化；②增强肿瘤细胞的侵袭能力；③诱导肿瘤周围基质环境的改变；④促进肿瘤血管形成；⑤抑制宿主免疫监视系统杀伤肿瘤细胞。

Transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） has double function in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. In initial stage of tumorigenesis, TGF-β inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of tumor cells. While in the period of cancer progression, TGF-β can promote tumor cell invasiveness and metastasis by autocrine and paracrine actions. The mechanism of TGF-β promoting tumor cell invasive migration may be as follows ：（1）Inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT）;（2） increasing the tumor cell invasiveness; （3） changing the tumor stroma environment;（4） promoting tumor angiogenesis;（5） preventing immune surveillance of tumor cells.