玻璃体腔注射地塞米松治疗氩激光诱导兔视网膜水肿的实验研究

Experimental study on intravitreous injection with dexamethasone for retinal edema of argon laser-induced in rabbits

目的通过观察玻璃体腔注射地塞米松(DEX)后对兔视网膜水肿的光学相干断层扫描(OCT)的影响及视网膜组织病理学改变,探讨DEX对兔视网膜水肿的治疗作用。方法健康有色家兔40只均对右眼采用氩激光直接光凝法封闭视网膜静脉建立视网膜水肿模型,随机分为实验组及对照组。实验组20只兔在造模后1d右眼玻璃体腔注射DEX1mg/0.2ml,对照组20只兔在造模后1d右眼玻璃体腔注射平衡盐溶液1mg/0.2ml,40只兔左眼不做任何处理作为正常对照组。实验组和对照组再根据处死时间不同分为注药后12h、1d、3d、5d四个亚组(每组5只),并于各时间点行OCT检查,然后处死实验兔,光镜下观察视网膜组织病理学变化。结果40只兔均成功建立兔视网膜水肿模型,OCT检查示注药后1d、3d、5d实验组兔视网膜厚度明显小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。光镜下观察实验组组织形态改变优于对照组。结论DEX短期内能够有效减轻视网膜水肿,保护视网膜功能。

Objective To observe optical coherence tomography and morphology changes after intravitreous injection with dexamethasone for macular edema in rabbits,we explored whether dexamethasone can lessen the retinal edema.Methods The model of retinal edema was established with argon laser photocoagulation to retinal vein in fourty right eyes of healthy pigment rabbits and then divided into control group and DEX groups.The right eyes of DEX group was injected with dexamethasone 1 mg/0.2 ml and the right eyes of control group was injected with balancing salt solution 1 mg/0.2 ml.The fourty left eyes didn＇t do anything as the normal control group.Control group and DEX groups respectively according to different killing time divided into 12 h,1 d,3 d and 5 d four groups（5 rabbits in each group）.In every time,each animal was examined by OCT and observed retinal tissue pathology by light microscopy after killing.Results The model of retinal edema was established in all the eyes.The retinal thickness in DEX group was obviously less than control group in 1 d,3 d and 5 d by OCT（P0.05）.The pathologic changes in DEX group was better than that in control group.Conclusions DEX could effectively reduce retinal edema and protect the retina function in short time.