改革开放30年贵州金融与经济的发展

Financial and Economic Development in Guizhou in the 30 Years since the Introduction of Reform and Opening up

贵州省人均生产总值和金融资源都处于全国末位,但其主要金融发展指标却与全国水平大体同步,这与其经济发展粗放、产业结构偏重、企业固定资产投资率和负债率高和农村借贷依存度等因素有关。改革开放30年间,贵州金融发展与经济成长形成了相互促进的关系,但由于发展模式、结构特点及中小民营企业发展不足等原因,金融发展对经济成长的边际效果不理想。农村信贷对农业发展和农民增收起到了积极作用,但政策性农业保险体系还有待建立。为此,贵州金融发展要进行相应调整并注重后发优势的形成。

Guizhou comes last nationally in terms of GDP and financial resources per capita, but is roughly at the national average in main indicators of financial development. This has a bearing on its extensive mode of economic development, heavy industrial structure high corporate fixed asset investment rate and liability rate, and rural dependence on loan. In the 30 years since the introduction of reform and opening up, financial development and economic growth have promoted each other but due to mode of development, structural features and underdevelopment of small and medium-sized private enterprises, financial development has not had an effective marginal effect on economic growth. Rural credit has played a positive role in agricultural development and increasing farmers income, but a policy-oriented system of agricultural insurance has yet to be established. In this regard, financial development needs readjusting and emphasis should be put on forming backward advantage.