政治、民间文化与乡村社会——以甘肃环县道情皮影戏为例(1949-1976)

Politics,Folk culture and Rural Society——Taking Doqing Shadow Play of Huan Xian in Gansu (1949—1978) as an Example

甘肃环县道情皮影戏作为地方文化的代表之一,其产生、发展、兴盛与乡村社会有着直接而密切的联系,较真实地反映了乡村社会生活的多元图景。建国后,环县道情皮影戏受到了国家的改造。处于国家改造下的皮影戏在形式和内容方面都随之发生了深刻变化,娱乐功能的主导地位被政治教化功能所取代,政治以一种前所未有的方式介入到地方文艺中,融入乡村生活中。本文以1949年至1976年的甘肃环县道情皮影戏为考察对象,分析在革命话语的大背景下,民间文化在内容、形式和功能方面的转变及其政治与民间文化的结合和国家与民间社会的互动。

As a representative of folk culture, the origin, development and flowering of Doqing shadow Play in Huan Xian,Gansu has direct and strict connection with rural society, and gives a comparatively true reflection of many aspects of social life. After the liberation of the Huan Xian in 1936, Shan- Gan - Ning border government has improved and used,the mighty power of politics filtered down into rural society. After the establishment of CPPC, Doqing - shadow Play of Huan Xian has been improved entirely by the government under the environment of national opera - reformation. The structure and content of folk shadow play experienced profound changes in the Revolution context,and entertainment was replaced by political education as its guiding force. Politics began to intervene in folk literature and art and melted into rural life with an unprecedented way. Taking folk Daoqing Shadow Play in Huan Xian of Gansu revolutionary areas as its subject for examination, this article analyzes the changes in the content, form and function of folk culture in the revolutionary context, between politics and folk culture were integrated, between nation and folk society were communicated in rural society.