焉耆盆地土壤盐渍化影响因素的信息统计分析

Information Statistical Analysis of Influencing Factors of Soil Salinization in Yanqi Basin

土壤盐次生渍化是干旱内陆盆地绿洲区的重要环境问题之一,其程度常以表层土壤含盐量来衡量。表层土壤含盐量是气候、土地利用方式、土壤岩性、潜水位埋深等因素综合作用的结果。针对新疆焉耆盆地严重的土壤次生盐渍化问题,采用信息统计方法研究了焉耆盆地开都河北岸地区表层土壤含盐量与土地利用类型、土壤岩性和潜水位埋深之间的关系。结果表明,焉耆盆地开都河北岸地区土地利用方式是影响土壤表层盐分空间差异的主控因素,耕地内表层土壤含盐量最低,草地和荒地区表层土壤含盐量高;土壤岩性对表层土壤盐分的影响较小,壤土区表层土壤含盐量最高,粉土区最小;潜水位埋深对表层土壤含盐量的影响明显,并具有显著的滞后性。

Secondary salinization of soil as one of the most important environmental problems in the oasis of arid inland basins is usually measured by the salt content in top soil layer. Salt content in top soil layer is affected by climate, land use, soil lithology and depth to groundwater. In order to understand the problem of soil salinization in the northwestern area of Yanqi Basin, the relationships between salt content in top soil layer and land use type, soil lithology and depth to groundwater at different times were assessed by information statistical method. Results showed that the land use type is the largest contributor to accumulation and spatial variant of salt content in top soil layer, with the lowest salt content in the farmland area and highest in wilderness. Soil lithology is the least contributor to the accumulation of salt in top soil layer among the selected factors, with the highest salt content in top soil layer in the loam area and lowest in the silt area. The depth to groundwater played a very important role to the salt content of top soil layer with remarkable lag effect.