珠江广州河段上覆水和间隙水中磷特性研究

Characteristics of Phosphorus in Overlying Water and Pore Water in Guangzhou Reach of Pearl River

通过研究污染比较严重的珠江广州河段(雅岗至琶洲大桥)的六个断面,共10个采样点的上覆水和间隙水的磷形态分布特征,得上覆水总磷(TP)值为0.705～3.893mg/L,均为劣V类水质。总溶解性磷(TDP)与磷酸盐磷(PO43-)在各采样点的含量分布不均匀,由PO43-含量显示,各采样点已经有明显的富营养化趋势。通过分析各采样点间隙水磷含量和引起其上下层含量差异的环境因素知间隙水TP与TDP有一定相关性。间隙水上下层TP,TDP,PO43-含量差异可能与沉积物有机质和氧化还原环境有一定相关性,总体上认为厌氧环境有利于促进沉积物的磷释放到间隙水。

Phosphorus contamination of Guangzhou reach of Pearl River from Yagang to Pazhou Bridge was studied by sampling and analyzing overlying water and pore water in six sections, altogether 10 detected points. The form and distribution characteristics of phosphorus in pore water and overlying water and the relation between them were studied respectively. Through analysis of phosphorus in overlying water in each detected points, results showed that total phosphorus （TP） was 0.705-3.893mg/L, all belonging to grade of interior V according to Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water. Content of total dissolved phosphorus （TDP） and PO4^3- in each detected point distributed differently. Content of PO4^3- in overlying water showed that all detected points had obvious trend of eutrophication. Through analysis of phosphorus content in pore water and environmental factors which induced the content difference in upper and lower layer of pore water, results indicated that TP and TDP were related in certain degrees. Content difference of TP, TDP and PO4^3- in upper and lower layer of pore water might have certain connection with organic matter, pH and Eh environment in sediment. Anaerobic environment is in favor of the release of phosphorus from sediment to pore water.