江淮地区肥-稻-稻轮作制下施肥效应研究

Study on Fertilization Effect under the Rotation System of Fertilizer-Rice-Rice in Jianghuan Area

[目的]探讨江淮地区在紫云英-早稻-晚稻轮作制条件下紫云英与无机肥料的合理配比及施肥效应。[方法]以早稻品种早籼7038和晚稻品种武运粳7号为试材,研究了江淮地区肥-稻-稻轮作制下,化肥与紫云英配施对水稻产量及其构成因素的影响。[结果]早稻试验中,化肥施用量减少30%时,早稻产量随紫云英配施量的提高而明显增加,配施22 500 kg/hm^2紫云英处理的早稻增产效果最佳,比用100%化学肥料处理的高8.2%;晚稻试验中,晚稻产量随着前茬紫云英施用量的增加而增加,以前茬配施30000 kg/hm^2紫云英处理的产量最高,且略高于完全化肥处理。[结论]增施化肥或配施紫云英致使水稻产量构成参数均有相应提高;前茬配施高量的紫云英对促进晚稻产量的效果最佳。

[Objective]The study aimed to discuss the rational ratio of Chinese vetch and inorganic fertilizer and their application effect. [Method]With the early rice variety Zaoian 7038 and late rice variety WUyunjing 7 as the test materials,the effects of mixed application of Chinese vetch and chemical fertilizer on the rice yield and its yield components were studied.[Result]In the early rice test,when the application rate of chemical fertilizer was decreased by 30%,the yield of early rice was increased with the rising of the mixed application rate of Chinese vetch and the early rice had optimum yield-increasing effect in the treatment of mixed application of Chinese vetch at 22 500 kg/hm^2, being 8.2%higher than that in the treatment of applying 100%chemical fertilizer.In the late rice test,the yield of late rice was increased with the rising the of the application rate of Chinese vetch in the previous crop planting and that in the treatment of mixed application of Chinese vetch at 30 000 kg/hm^2 in the previous crop planting was highest,being slightly higher than that in full chemical fertilizer treatment. [Conclusion]The increased application of chemical fertilizer and mixed application of Chinese vetch could improve the parameters of yield components and the mixed application of Chinese vetch at high rate in the previous crop planting could get optimum the yield-increasing effect on the yield of late rice.