不同土壤耕层有效锌垂直分布特征研究

Research on the Vertical Distribution Characters of Availability Zn in Different Plough Horizons

[目的]研究吉林省3种不同土壤的耕层有效锌垂直分布及其影响因素。[方法]采用模拟降水法研究了果园土、黑土及盐碱土不同耕层的有效锌垂直分布。[结果]果园土、黑土、盐碱土的有效锌含量均以0～5 cm耕层最高且果园土0～5 cm耕层的有效锌含量高出近3倍;施肥区3种土壤的0～5 cm耕层有效锌含量高低依次为:黑土>果园土>盐碱土;随着施锌量的增加,0～5 cm耕层的有效锌含量迅速增加,施锌处理果园土、黑土、盐碱土的0～5 cm耕层有效锌含量分别为24.12、24.42和15.36 mg/kg;在1年降雨量的处理中,随着施锌量的增加,3种土壤各耕层的有效锌含量均有不同程度的增加,且盐碱土的有效锌含量增幅最大;不同土壤同耕层的有效锌增加量相比,盐碱土高于果园土和黑土。[结论]该研究为锌肥的合理施用提供了依据。

[Objective]The purpose was to research the vertical distribution of available Zn in plough horizons of 3 different soils and its influencing factors.[Method]The vertical distributions of available Zn in different plough horizons of orchard soil,black soil and saline alkali soil were researched by using simulated rainfall method.[Result]Compared with the other plough horizons,the contents of available Zn in the plough horizons of 0-5 cm of orchard soil,black soil and saline alkali soil were highest and that of orchard soil was about 3 times higher.The content relationship of available Zn in the plough horizons of 0-5 cm of 3 soils in fertilized area was as follows：black soilorchard soilsaline alkali soil.Along with the increase of application amount of Zn,the contents of available Zn in the plough horizons of 0-5 cm were increased rapidly and that of orchard soil,black soil and saline alkali soil in the treatments with Zn were 24.12,24.42 and 15.36 mg/kg resp. In the treatment with 1-year rainfall,along with the increase of application amount of Zn,the contents of available Zn in various plough horizons of 3 soils were increased to different degrees and that of saline alkali soil was increased most.The comparison of increase amounts of available Zn in the same plough horizon of different soils indicated that the increase amounts of available Zn of saline alkali soil were higher than that of orchard soil and black soil.[Conclusion]This research provided basis for the reasonable application of Zn fertilizer.