钾肥施用对安徽贵池地区油菜产量和生物学性状的影响

Effect of Potassium Application on Yield and Biological Traits of Rape in Guichi Area of Anhui Province

[目的]研究钾肥施用对安徽贵池地区油菜产量和生物学性状的影响。[方法]以华双5号为油菜供试品种,在氮、磷、硼肥配合施用的基础上,考察K_2O施用量为0、60、120、240 kg/hm^2的4个处理下油菜株高、一级分枝高、一级分枝数、单株角果数、每角果粒数、千粒重等指标,并测定每小区产量。[结果]增施钾肥能显著促进油菜生长。同时,钾肥施用对改变油菜的群体生物学性状具有显著正向相关性,呈现株高、单株二级分枝数、单株角果数、每角果粒数、籽粒和茎秆产量均增加的统一趋势。施用钾肥240 kg/hm^2可以达到产量效益最大化。[结论]该研究为直播油菜轻简化栽培的肥料施用提供了进一步探索的实践前瞻。

[Objective]The study aimed to research the effect of potassium application on yield and biological traits of rape in Cuichi area of Anhui Province.[Method]With Huashuang 5 as the tested rape variety,based on the combination application of N,P,K,the indexes such as plant height,first branch height,first branch number,pods per pant,grins per pod and 1000-grain weight were investigated under the 4 treatments in which the K_2O was applied at 0,60,120,240 kg/hm^2 resp.and the yield in each plot were determined.[Result]The potassium application could improve the rape growth remarkably.It had the significantly positive correlation on the biological traits that could change the rape populations and showed a consistent trend that the biological traits such as the plant height,second branch number per plant,pods per pant,grins per pod and the yield of grain and stem were all increased.The potassium application at 240 kg/hm^2 could make the maximizing yield benefit.[Conclusion]The study provided the practical foresight for further exploring the fertilizer application in simple cultivation of direct sowing rape.