耕地保护补偿标准与分配方案研究

Study on the Standard and Allocation Scheme for Farmland Preservation Compensation

科学确定耕地保护的经济补偿标准及其分配方案有助于提高相关利益主体保护耕地的自主性和积极性,从而对于我国耕地保护目标的实现意义重大。从理论层面探讨了耕地保护补偿标准的测算依据并结合对全国层面的实证评估,设计提出了针对不同利益主体的补偿分配方案。结果表明,耕地保护经济补偿的本质在某种程度上也可以看作是耕地发展权的价值体现。结合目前我国的发展实际,补偿的具体标准可以根据正常市场条件下的耕地转为最佳利用方向的土地价值与原正常市场条件下农业用途的土地价值的差额测算确定。而考虑到耕地保护行为对于农民和地方政府而言都存在着机会成本,因此对于耕地保护补偿金的分配可以根据农民和地方政府的发展权损失按比例确定。

It is important for farmland preservation to explore the evaluating method of compensation standard and its allocation scheme.The study firstly discussed the evaluating basis of compensation standard for farmland preservation in theory.Then,the allocation scheme for compensation among different stakeholders was put forward based on the practical evaluation on the whole country.The results indicated that the basis of compensation for farmland preservation is the compensation for farmland development rights,and its standard could be calculated according to the balance of construction land value and farmland value in a complete market.Moreover,considering the opportunity costs of farmers and local governments during the action of farmland preservation,the allocation scheme of compensation can be decided according to the proportional relations of development rights damage between farmers and local governments.