达乌尔黄鼠实验动物化研究

Experimental Animalization Research on Daurian Ground Squirrel

[目的]为达乌尔黄鼠的实验动物化研究奠定理论基础。[方法]分析达乌尔黄鼠的生物学、生态学特征及试验研究进展。[结果]达乌尔黄鼠是小型地栖松鼠类的一种,体长约200mm,体重212～443g,主要栖居于草原、耕地及景观开阔地区,以植物性食物为主。达乌尔黄鼠是群居性动物,每年繁殖1次,繁殖高峰期是4月下旬至5月上旬,其在一个地区内的生活环境,在不同季节内有很大的变化。达乌尔黄鼠为冬眠动物。黄鼠一天内的活动情况随着温度的变化而变化。达乌尔黄鼠88.8%组织器官的元素含量差异极显著,其冬眠期的静止代谢率仅为春季的3.0%。除黄疸指数外,成、幼鼠的8项生化指标值均差异极显著。[结论]该研究为建立冬眠实验动物模型提供了理论依据。

[Objective]The purpose was to lay a theoretical foundation for the experimental animalization research on Daurian ground squirrel.[Method]The progresses of research on the biological and ecological characteristics of Daurian ground squirrels and their experimental research were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for their laboratory domestication.[Result]Daurian ground squirrel was a species of small ground squirrel with body length of about 200 mm and bodyweight of 212-443 g.Daurian ground squirrels ate plant as their main feed and mainly inhabited in grassland,arable land and open landscape area.They were social animal,propagated once each year and their peak propagation period was from late Apr.to early May.Their living environment in a certain region was changed very great in different seasons.They were dormant animal and their activity status was changed along with the variation of temperature in one day.The contents of elements in 88.8% of their tissues and organs had extremely significant difference and their resting metabolic rate in dormant period was only 3.0% of that in spring.Except for icterus index,the values of 8 biochemical indices of adult and young squirrels had extremely significant difference.[Conclusion]This research provided guiding basis for establishing dormant experimental animal model.