瓜馥木提取物对几种病原真菌抑菌活性的测定

Determination of the Antifungal Activities of the Extracts from Fissistigma oldhamii(Hemsl.) Merr.on Several Kinds of Pathogenic Fungi

[目的]研究瓜馥木提取物对几种病原真菌抑菌活性。[方法]在室内用生长速率法测定了瓜馥木提取物对几种病原真菌的抑菌活性。[结果]瓜馥木总生物碱部分、氯仿萃取部分和乙酸乙酯萃取部分对香蕉炭疽病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、梨褐斑病菌、芒果叶枯病菌和柑桔疮痂病菌的抑菌效果很好,达到100.00%;瓜馥木原提取液对柑桔疮痂病菌、石油醚萃取部分对梨褐斑病菌和柑桔疮痂病菌、正丁醇萃取部分对香蕉炭疽病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、梨褐斑病菌和芒果叶枯病菌都有较明显的抑制作用,抑菌率均达到50.00%以上;瓜馥木乙酸乙酯提取物对甘蔗凤梨病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、柑桔疮痂病菌、香蕉炭疽病菌、梨黑斑病菌和梨褐斑病菌的EC50分别为1.2905、1.3491、2.7203、2.7294、3.6706、4.7444mg/ml。[结论]在供试质量浓度为10mg/ml时,72h后瓜馥木提取物具有很好的抑菌活性。

[Objective]The research aimed to study the antifungal activities of the extracts from Fissistigma oldhamii（Hemsl.） Merr.on several kinds of pathogenic fungi.[Method]The antifungal activities of the extracts from Fissistigma oldhamii（Hemsl.） Merr.on several kinds of pathogenic fungi were determined in laboratory by using the growth rate method.[Result]The extracts of total alkaloids,chloroform and ethyl acetate showed strong inhibition on Glorosprium musarum（Berk and Curt） Arx,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Niveum,Mycosphaerella sentina（Fr.） Schroeter,Pestalotia calabae Westond and Sphaceloma fawcettii Jen kins.,with the inhibition rate of 100.00%.The inhibition of the original extract from Fissistigma oldhamii against Sphaceloma fawcettii Jen kins,the extracts with petrol ether against Mycosphaerella sentina（Fr.） Schroeter and Sphaceloma fawcettii Jen kins,the extracts with n-butanol against Glorosprium musarum（Berk and Curt） Arx,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Niveum,Mycosphaerella sentina（Fr.） Schroeter and Pestalotia calabae Westond were obvious,with the inhibition rate of more than 50.00%.EC50 of the ethyl acetate extracts from F.oldhamii against Thielaviopsis paradoxa（de Seynes） V.Hohnel,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Niveum,Sphaceloma fawcettii Jen kins,Glorosprium musarum（Berk Curt） Arx,Alternaria kikuchiana Takana and Mycosphaerella sentina（Fr.） were 1.290 5,1.349 1,2.720 3,2.729 4,3.670 6 and 4.744 4 mg/ml respectively.[Conclusion]The extracts from Fissistigma oldhamii（Hemsl.） Merr.at 10 mg/ml showed high antifungal activity after 72 h.