基于制度主义视角的低碳创新:丹麦、德国和美国发展风电产业的启示

Low-carbon Innovation with a Perspective of Institutionalism: What Can We Learn From the Development of Wind Industry in Denmark, Germany and U.S.

在促进低碳经济发展的过程中,制度框架在很大程度上承载着技术、经济和社会的转型。在"大规模制度变迁"的情境下,处于转型期的中国,具有很强的制度创新能力优势。基于制度内生化的观点,探究在新兴产业发展过程中制度的变迁和创新与组织(场)、技术、产业间的相互影响并对其共演化过程进行了分析。通过对丹麦、德国和美国风电产业发展的比较分析,揭示制度随时间和空间而发生变迁和创新的内在机制,阐述在基于制度结构安排和集体行动维度下的制度变迁机理。通过比较分析,希望对处于转型经济的中国提供可资借鉴的参考,尤其是明确政府在促进新兴产业发展时的作用以及如何设计有效的制度安排。

For the development of low-carbon economy, institution framework plays a great role in achieving the transition of technology, economy and society. In the context of ＂large scale institutional transition＂, China, currently in a position of transition economy, occupies strong advantage in institutional innovation. Based on an endogenous viewpoint on institution, this paper explores the interrelationship between the transition and innovation of institution and organizational （field）, technology, and industry as well as their co-evolution. A multi-case study on the development of wind industry in Denmark, Germany and U.S. is grounded to illustrate the inner mechanism of institutional transition and innovation with the changing temporal and spatial characters. This comparative analysis is intended to offer an insightful reference for China, especially on making effective institutional arrangement during the promotion of development of emerging industries in transition period.