内蒙古牧区人口布局调整对当地牧民生活及草原畜牧业发展的影响分析

A Study on the Impact of Adjustment of Pastoral Population Layout in Inner Mongolia on Pastoral Lives and Development of Grassland Husbandry

内蒙古牧区生态移民,以及由中小学布局调整导致的牧民子女进城读书和就此引起的"陪读"迁移,已经或正在对牧区居民(牧民)家庭经济、家庭结构、婚姻关系、文化传承等日常生活和他们所从事的草原畜牧业发展产生严重影响。为此必须构建草原生态保护与建设的长效机制、提倡牧民自主迁移、优化牧区区域规划和产业布局、建立牧民子女就学转移的鼓励机制、为牧民顺利渡过调整过渡期提供保障、发挥畜牧业内部潜力,促进牧民就地转移、建立牧区人口准入制度,减轻牧区人口压力。

Ecological migrations in the pastoral areas, more and more pastoralist children going to school in town and more and more ＂read along with＂ migrations caused by the adjustment of middle school and elementary school layout in Inner Mongolia have been or are being impacting on the daily lives of pastoralist families such as family economy, family structure, marriage, cultural heritage and on the development of grassland husbandry. So we have to build long-term mechanism of protection and construction of the grassland ecology, promote pastoralist independent migrations, optimize regional planning and industrial distribution in pastoral areas, build encouragement mechanism for school transfers of pastoralist children, provide protection for pastoralist to transit smoothly through the adjustment period, bring the husbandry internal potential into play, promote local transfers, establish pastoral population access sys- tem, and reduce population pressure in the pastoral areas.