“经验”的贫乏与救赎——论余华“转型”后的小说创作

The Scarcity and Redemption of "Experience"——On YU Hua's Fictions after His "Transformation"

在20世纪90年代,余华的写作开始"转型"。在许多学者看来,余华转型后的小说不再一味地展示暴力与苦难,而是强调忍受、乐观,和"温情地受难"。但在笔者看来,对苦难的展示与"忍受"并非余华"转型"后小说的深层思想主旨,而再现由传统社会步入消费社会这一社会"转型"过程中现代中国人"经验"的日趋萎缩与贫乏,以及面对这种困境而试图重新整合"经验"的努力,成为余华"转型"后小说的深刻主题。正是对这一独特而深刻主题的挖掘与艺术表现,凸显了余华"转型"后的小说写作在当代文学中的独特价值。

In the 1990s, YU Hua＇s writing style began to ＂transform＂. In many scholars＇ view, after his ＂transformation＂, YU Hua＇ s novels no longer just show violence and suffering, instead emphasize endurance and optimism, and stress ＂suffering warmly＂. However, this paper reckons that, in YU Hua＇ s novels after his ＂transformation＂, the display and endurance of suffering is not the deep and major thinking, while the description of the increasingly shrinking and reducing of modern Chinese people＇ s ＂experience＂ during their ＂transformation＂ from traditional society into consumption society, as well as their efforts to try to re-integrate their ＂experience＂ when facing such dilemma, has become the deep theme. It is the excavation and artistic expression of this deep and unique theme that highlights the special value of YU Hua＇ s post-＂ transformation＂ works in contemporary literature.