小水电资源区域开发环境影响回顾性评价案例分析——以海南省为例

Case Study on Retrospective Environmental Impact Assessment of Regional Development of Small Hydropower Resources——Taking Hainan Province for Example

在小水电资源区域开发规划环境影响报告书编制中应设置小水电资源区域开发环境影响回顾性评价专题,对规划区域小水电资源开发过程产生的环境问题进行调查和回顾性评价,从中发现小水电资源开发存在的环境问题,并提出规避的对策。海南省小水电资源开发规划环境影响报告书小水电资源区域开发环境影响回顾性评价专题案例,通过遥感影像判读及现场调查发现,选址不当、断流、减水、沙化、景观破坏、植被覆盖率降低及外来物种入侵、水土流失、用水矛盾、影响渔业资源等环境问题普遍存在,主要原因是环境行政管理虚位。主要对策有:在小水电资源开发规划及项目可行性研究报告中,应将环境法规符合性及环保投资列为重要内容;实施工程环境监理;加强竣工环保验收;将水电站下泄生态流量等环保措施执行情况的现场检查纳入常态工作范畴。

It is necessary to set up a special subject on retrospective environmental impact assessment in the plan EIA report on regional development of small hydropower. In the special subject, we conducted investigation and retrospective assessment in order to find out the environmental problems which exist in small hydropower resources development, and the countermeasures are proposed. In the ease study on retrospective EIA of regional development of small hydropower resources in Hainan province. Thought recognition of remote sensing image and field survey, it is found out that the environmental problems such as impropor selection of locations, zero flow, water reducing, desertification, landscape destruction, vegetation coveting ratio decreasing, invasion of adventitious specials, soil and water loss, water contradiction, fishery resources impact are common existed. The main teasen of the problems is environmental administrative management default, and the main countermeasures are as follows ：the coincidence with environmental regulations and environmental protection investment should be an important aspect in the feasibility study report on items or plans of small hydropower resources development; implementing the engineering environmental supervision; strengthen the environmental check and acceptance of the completed projects; the site inspection of environmental protection measures executive conditions such as assuring the ecologic flow should be included into normal working scope.