疑似麻疹、风疹病例血清学监测结果分析

Serosurveillance and analysis of prevalence of suspected measles and rubella cases.

目的了解麻疹风疹的流行病学特征,探讨麻疹与风疹之间的血清学鉴别诊断。方法通过网络直报系统与麻疹日常监测,揭示麻疹发病的流行病学特征;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对431例麻疹疑似病例的血清标本进行麻疹IgM和风疹IgM抗体检测。结果431例麻疹风疹疑似病例,疑似麻疹血清检测率为92.43%,疑似风疹血清检测率为100%。麻疹抗体IgM(+)检出率为42%(181/431),风疹抗体IgM(+)检出率为17.63%(76/431),麻疹风疹抗体IgM双(+)检出率为1.86%(8/431)。麻疹发病主要集中在8月龄～2岁,占41.15%(86/209),其次是小于8月龄的婴幼儿占21.05%(44/209)。在出疹后第0～3d、4～7d、8～14d、15～28d前采集的血清标本其麻疹IgM抗体阳性检出率之间经检验有统计学意义(χ2=19.017,P<0.001)。结论本地发热出疹性疾病以麻疹为主;发病年龄分布主要在2岁前,而16岁以后仍然占相当大比例;采血时间与检出率密切相关。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of suspected measles and rubella cases. Methods The data concernning suspected measles and rubella cases on-line reported and monitored were collected and the samples of the suspected cases were serologically detected by ELISA. Results There 431 suspected measles and rubella cases were detected and the IgM antobody positive rates for measles and rubella by serological assay were 92.43% ,and 100%. While the IgM antibody positive rates of mealses and rubella were 42% and 17.63% ,The IgM antibody positivbe rates of both measles and rubella was 1.86%.Measles mainly occurred to infants aged from 8-month to 2 years（41.15% ,86/209）,followed by less than 8-month-old infants（21.05%）, （44/209）.Most of the cases were mobile population. Conclusion Most of the cases were measles patients mainly occurred to infants aged less than 2 years among mobile poptdafion .