深圳市2005～2008年餐饮单位餐具卫生状况

Results in monitoring of sterilization quality of tablewares in catering industry in Shenzhen in 2005～2008.

目的了解深圳市餐饮业中餐具卫生状态，为餐饮业卫生监督提供科学依据。方法采用GB14934—94纸片法和GB／T4789-2003检测大肠菌群和致病菌。结果2005～2007年餐具合格率分别为96．53％、97．89％、97．02％和96．96％，整体呈上升趋势。致病菌均未检出。市内各区之间差异无显著性意义。不同饮食业类型的餐具差异有显著性意义。四星级以上酒店、中餐厅、西餐厅、连锁快餐店的餐具消毒合格率分别为99．74％、96．67％、98．23％和97．42％。餐馆职工食堂、大中专学校食堂、机关事业单位食堂和企业职工食堂的餐具消毒合格率分别为98．36％、97．07％、96．75％和97．10％，与小中学校食堂的餐具消毒合格率（95．40％）差异有显著性意义。结论深圳餐饮业中使用的餐具卫生状况整体情况比较好，但小吃店和中小学校食堂污染较重。建议卫生监督机构加强对卫生状况差的餐厅的卫生监督力度和抽检频次，及时发现和解决问题。

Objective To evaluate the hygienic status of tableware of catering industry in Shenzhen. Methods The sterilization quality of tableware were monitored based on the standard of GB14934-94 and the pathogenic bacteria were eamined baaed on the criteria of GB/T4789-2003. Results The qualified rates of tableware in 2005-2008 were 96.53% ,97.89%,97.02%,96.96% ,respectively. No pathogenic bacteria were detdcted.The qualified rates of tableware in four-star hotel, Chinese restaurants,western reataurants, fast-foed restaurants were 99.74%, 96.67%, 98.23%, 97.42%,respectively. The qualified rates of tableware sterilization of Japanese and Korean cuisine,snack bar were 95.00% and 94.89%. The qualified rates of tableware in Canteenese restaurants,the restaurants of college, government institutions, amd enterprise were 98.36%, 97.07% ,96.75% ,97.10% ,respectively. Conclusion The hygienic conditions of tableware of catering industry in Shenzhen was generally good .But there are still hygienic problems and the work of inspection be strengthened .