先秦汉语“如何”结构考辨

Research on the Structure of "Ruhe(How to )" in the Pre-Qin Chinese

对于先秦汉语"如何"结构中的"如"字词性和词义,以及"如何"结构的来源及演变的相关问题,语法学者有着诸多的解释,虽有一定的道理,但都存在着不足。先秦时期,"如何"中的"如"字应为动词,解作"处置"、"对付"义。而"如何"这一结构则最初来源于"如……何"这一固定格式。

Grammarians have different explanations for the pre-Qin Chinese ＂ruhe（how to）＂ structure, ＂ru（such as）＂ words and meanings, the structure and evolution of ＂ruhe（how）＂. Each has its shortcomings though to some points they sound reasonable. It maintains that： in pre-Qin period, ＂ruhe（how）＂ of＂ru（such as）＂ should be a verb with the meaning ＂disposal＂ or ＂dealing with＂ justice And ＂ruhe（how）＂ of this structure is derived from the original fixed structure of＂If……Ho（he）＂.