老年糖尿病患者照顾者足部护理知识和行为调查

Knowledge and behaviors of foot care in caregivers of aged patients with diabetes

目的了解老年糖尿病患者照顾者足部护理知识掌握情况及其行为,针对性地做好该组人群的健康教育,有效预防糖尿病足的发生。方法自行设计调查问卷,采用方便取样法,调查309名老年糖尿病患者照顾者的一般情况、足部护理知识及行为。结果照顾者中80.3%文化程度为初中、小学或文盲;仅31.7%的照顾者知晓清洗足部的水温范围,28.5%知道清洗足部的时间,42.7%知道擦拭足部重点部位,26.9%知道如何检查,34.6%知道足部按摩的方法,30.7%知道下肢运动的方法;对糖尿病足有防范意识的照顾者占33.7%,认为糖尿病足的发生是护理不当的结果者占32.0%。结论中青年、非亲属、低文化者是长期住院老年糖尿病患者的主要照顾人员,其足部护理知识缺乏,预防意识薄弱。应定期对新入院患者的照顾者及新更换的照顾者进行足部护理知识的培训,提高其对糖尿病足的防范意识,并定期检查其措施落实情况,以预防糖尿病足的发生。

Objective To investigate knowledge and behaviors of foot care in caregivers of aged patients with diabetes millitus, and to give target health education for prevention of diabetic foot. Methods A total of 309 caregivers of old diabetic patients were chosen by convenient sampling and investigated by using self-designed questionnaires in terms of their demographic data, knowledge and behaviors of foot care. Results Strictly, 80.3% of them only received education in junior high school, primary school or even were illiteracy; 31.7% knew water temperature for foot-cleaning, and the rates of knowing duration of foot-cleaning, essential sites of foot-wiping, examination and massage of foot, exercises for lower limbs were 28.5%, 42.7%, 26.9%, 34.6%, 30.7% respectively; 33.7% of them were aware of diabetic foot protection, and 32.0% convinced diabetic foot was caused by inappropriate foot care. Conclusion The main caregivers of old diabetic patients are individuals with middle age and poor educational backgrounds, and they are not patients＇ relatives. They lack knowledge of diabetic foot care and protection awareness. Nursing training programs should be given to new admission patients＇ earegivers and changed caregivers to promote their awareness of diabetic foot preven- tion, and nurses should check their adherence to prevention of diabetic foot.