在GIS支持下用NOAA/AVHRR数据进行旱情监测

Using NOAA/AVHRR Data to Monitor Drought with GIS Technique

旱灾是影响农作物生产的一种重大自然灾害，它对中国北方春小麦生产的影响极大。本文介绍了一个应用遥感、ＧＩＳ技术对黄淮海平原春小麦的旱情进行监测的系统及其方法。它综合使用了ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ数据、地面气象资料和地图，选用作物缺水指数（ＣＷＳＩ）模型和热惯量模型对旱情进行监测。监测结果分别用分县的旱情等级分布图和相应不同等级的旱情面积、面积比例数统计表来表示。该系统自１９９４年起投入运行３年，监测结果与实测数据比较，平均精度为８３．６％。

Drought is a major kind of natural disaster that severely influences agricultural production, especially on the growing spring wheat in boreal China. This paper introduces a method and software which use Remote Sensing and GIS technique to monitor drought of spring wheat in Great East Plain of China. This method applies thermal inertia model and CWSI model to estimate soil moisture with NOAA/AVHRR data and meteorological observation data. Under the support of GIS technique, monitoring result is presented by a map which expresses the spatial distribution of different drought levels, as well as a statistic form which shows the area and percentage of various drought degrees in each county. This software system has been operated for three years since 1994. Tested and verified by observation data,the monitoring result has 83.6% precision in average.