家蚕胚胎发育相关基因的分析(英文)

Analysis of Embryonic Developmental Genes in the Silkworm,Bombyx mori

在家蚕基因组中检索分析了与果蝇86个胚胎发育相关基因同源的基因。分析结果表明,在果蝇的这86个基因中,有62(72%)个基因在家蚕基因组中存在直向同源关系,其中58(67%)个基因并且在家蚕、果蝇、冈比亚按蚊3种昆虫的基因组间呈现1∶1∶1直向同源关系。通过比较分析发现,体节极性决定基因在3种昆虫基因组间最为保守。同果蝇和冈比亚按蚊相比,家蚕中决定背-腹部形成的基因分化最大。进一步利用芯片数据对其中的12个母性基因在家蚕5龄第3天幼虫生殖腺中的表达情况进行分析:有2个基因(orb和nanos)在卵巢中特异表达;4个基因(spire、Ras85D、gd和arrest)在精巢中特异表达;另外的6个基因(exuperantia、vasa、pumilio、mago nashi、nudel和dorsal)在精巢和卵巢中均有表达,但是其中的2个基因(pumilio和nudel)在雌、雄间的表达量存在显著差异。研究结果为家蚕发育调控机制的进一步研究提供了重要线索和数据信息。

Homologs for 86 developmental genes of five groups that play crucial roles in the body pattern of the Drosophila embryo were searched in the silkworm（Bombyx mori） genome by homology comparison.Results revealed that 62（72%） orthologous genes were present in the silkworm genome and 58（67%） of them formed orthologous groups with Anopheles gambiae genes（1∶1∶1 orthologous pairs）.By comparison,the segment polarity group of zygotic genes was mostly conserved between the three insect genomes while the dorsal ventral group of maternal genes in B.mori seems more diversified than those found in A.gambiae.We further analyzed the expression profile of 12 silkworm maternal genes in gonads of the 3rd day fifth instar larva by using microarray data.Results showed that 2 genes（orb and nanos） and 4 genes（spire,Ras85D,gd and arrest） exclusively expressed in female and male individuals respectively.Other 6 genes（exuperantia,vasa,pumilio,mago nashi,nudel and dorsal） expressed in both female and male individuals and 2 of them（pumilio and nudel） exhibited notable differences between male and female.These results provide important information for further research in silkworm development.