强健性三眠蚕种质材料创新及其杂交组合选配研究

Innovation of Trimolter Silkworm Germplasm Materials with Strong Vitality and Selective Breeding of Trimolter Hybrid Combination

三眠蚕可生产特殊用途的超细纤度茧丝。采用眠性稳定的三眠蚕品种和综合经济性状优良的现行生产用四眠蚕品种作亲本进行杂交,选择培育了综合经济性状良好且眠性稳定的强健性三眠蚕中系育种材料三、龙和日系育种材料汇、泉、源、景。经配合力测定和组合筛选,初步选配出的三眠蚕四元杂交组合三·龙×汇·源具有强健好养、眠性稳定、茧丝纤度细、茧丝品质优的特点:三眠率达到98%以上,全龄经过较四眠蚕亲本短1-2 d,茧丝纤度1.75～2.22 dtex,一粒茧丝长1 000～1 200 m,解舒率70%～85%,洁净93～95分。三眠蚕四元杂交组合三.龙×汇.源在农村试养同样表现出眠性稳定、强健好养的特点,适合在华南蚕区推广应用。

Trimolter silkworms can be used to produce raw silk with superfine size for special purposes.Novel trimolter silkworm germplasms,namely San and Long of Chinese strain and Hui,Quan,Yuan and Jing of Japanese strain were prepared by using a trimolter silkworm variety with stable moltinism and a current commercial tetramolter silkworm variety with good comprehensive economic characters as parental strains.The obtained trimolter germplasms had good comprehensive economic characters,stable moltinism and strong vitality.Based on combining ability test and combination selection,a four-way hybrid combination San·Long×Hui·Yuan had been obtained.It has much advanced characters as strong vitality,stable moltinism,fine filament and high silk quality.Its rate of trimolter was over 98%.Duration of all instars was 1~2 d shorter than the tetramolter parent.Filament size was 1.75～2.22 dtex.One cocoon filament length was 1 000～1 200 m.Reelability was 70%～85% and neatness was 93～95 points.The four way hybrid combination San·Long×Hui·Yuan also showed the characters of stable moltinism and strong vitality in farmers＇ rearing houses,being suitable for popularization in the sericultural areas of south China.