马拉松赛对业余选手心血管及呼吸功能的影响

Evaluation of Amateurs' Circulation and Respiration Function during Marathon Sports

目的评估马拉松赛对业余选手心血管、呼吸功能的影响。方法业余选手50名,参加马拉松全程26人,半程24人。赛前1周进行体检,比赛当天选择与心血管呼吸功能相关项目22项进行现场采血监测,并与赛后进行比较。结果体检未发现心肺疾病;赛后血压略低于赛前,心率明显快于赛前(P<0.01),PaO2明显低于赛前,PvO2、CvO2显著低于正常,Ca-vO2明显高于正常值(P<0.01),PaCO2、PvCO2低于赛前;BU赛后显著增高(P<0.01);CK、CK-MB和LDH赛后显著高于赛前,高出正常值数倍(P<0.01)。结论马拉松赛对于业余选手的机体尤其对心肺功能是一种极限挑战。多项监测结果出现异常,个别选手的少数项目为严重异常,确实具有潜在危险。这提醒马拉松运动爱好者赛前应有训练,赛中应量力而行,不能盲目挑战自我,要预防意外事件的发生。

Objective To observe and evaluate the disturbance to the amateurs＇ circulation and respiration systems during Marathon sports. Methods Fifty cases （26 whole range and 24 half range） were chosen. They were all examined to be healthy a week ago. On the match day the 22 items about the circulation and respiration function were monitored, and then compared with the data after match. Results All the 50 runners were found no disease of the circulation and respiration systems. The BP, PaO2 and SaO2 were obviously lowes than before. The PrO2 and SvO2 were obviously lower than normal. The Ca-vO2, BU, CK, CK-MB and LDH were obviously higher than before ,even than normal（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The PaCO2 and PvCO2 were the same as before. Conclusion The results show that during Marathon sports, there arc many disturbances to the amateurs＇ circulation and respiration systems. It wis a big challenge to them. The abnormal results suggest that there are many dangers to the amateurs. Marathon eumers should do exercise before match and run according to their abilities. They should not challenge themselves blindly and should prevent the accidents carefully.