乳腺癌患者乳房检查行为及影响因素分析

Examination approaches and its influencing factors in patients with breast cancer

目的探讨乳腺癌患者的乳房检查行为及其影响因素,为开展城乡社区乳腺癌防治工作提供依据。方法采用自制问卷对6家医院178例住院乳腺癌患者进行回顾性问卷调查。结果通过常规健康体检和定期乳房自我检查发现乳房异常者分别为10.67%和1.12%;患病前每年接受1次乳房健康体检者占15.73%,坚持每月乳房自我检查者为10.53%;患者是否定期接受乳房检查与其文化程度、居住地相关(P<0.01);乳房自检行为与其对乳腺癌的认知和技能有关。结论乳腺癌患者的乳房检查行为受多种社会文化因素的影响,应采取健康教育、加强基层人员培训等有效干预措施,提高妇女的定期乳房检查率和乳房自检率。

Objective Discussing breast examination of patients with breast cancer and its influencing factors to provide the basis for breast cancer prevention and control in urban and rural communities.Methods Inquiring to patients with breast cancer through 178 cases of six hospitals with self-made questionnaire.Results Abnormal breast was found to be 10.67% and 1.12% respectively through routine physical examination and regular breast self-examination;the diseased people who had breast healthy examination once a year accounted for 15.73%,and who had breast self-examination once a month accounted for 1.12%;Patients＇ education level,residence were related to people receiving regular breast examinations or not （P〈0.01）;breast self-examination was related to breast cancer awareness and skills.Conclusion Breast examination of breast patients with cancer is influenced by a variety of social and cultural factors.We should improve women＇s regular breast examinations and breast self-examinations with some effective measures such as health education,strengthening grass-roots training.