水蒸气冷却润滑时高温合金的绿色切削试验

Green Cutting of Superalloys as Water Vapor Cooling and Lubricating

为实现高温合金用水蒸气作冷却润滑剂的绿色切削，研制了600～800W的小型过热水蒸气发生器，并用YG6硬质合金刀具对镍基高温合金GH4169进行了单因素切削试验，效果明显：用水蒸气时，与干切、乳化液相比，主切削力分别减小了15％～20％和10％～15％，切削温度分别降低了20％～30％和10％～20％，并建立了切削力和切削温度的经验公式；变形系数也有减小；切屑多为螺卷屑。由于水蒸气分子直径远小于乳化液中水包油粒径，气态水分子容易进入刀一屑间的毛细管，故具有良好的冷却润滑性能。水蒸气可替代乳化液作冷却润滑剂，且来源广泛，又无污染，从而可实现高温合金的绿色切削。

To achieve green cutting of superalloys with superheated water vapor cooling and lubricating, a 600--800 W min itype generator is developed. The single factor experiments are completed with YG6 tools cutting GH4169. Results show that using superheated water vapor, compared with dry and wet cutting, the main cutting force decreases about 15%-20% and 10%-15%, respectively; the cutting temperature reduces about 20%-30% and 10%-20%; the deformation coefficient also decreases; the chips are mostly helical. The empirical equations of cutting forces and the temperature are obtained. The diameter of the water molecule is much less than that of O/W in the cutting fluids. The water molecule can easily penetrate the capillary in the tool-chip interface. Results indicate that the application of the water vapor can realize the green cutting of superalloys.