基于GIS的青海省季节牧场分布研究

GIS-based classification of seasonal pasture in Qinghai province

青海省草地畜牧业生产具有显著的季节性,准确掌握草地季节利用状况对科学合理的指导宏观畜牧业生产具有重要意义。自然因素虽然在草地的季节利用中起关键作用,但近年来人类活动的影响也日益明显。该研究基于双影响因子的思路,以海拔要素为基础划分季节牧场,并充分考虑人类活动的影响,提出了基于GIS的以人口分布修正季节牧场的新方法,对青海省8个地区分别建立分类模型;并对结果的精度和比例分别进行验证。验证结果表明:修正划分的青海省季节牧场图总体精度为66.65%,2种季节牧场的比例也符合传统的利用比例,能够反映实际的草地季节利用状况。

Seasonal factors have significant influence on the production of grassland livestock industry in Qinghai Province. Accurate understanding of seasonal utilization of grassland is of great importance for the scientific reasonable macro-management of livestock production. Natural factors played a key role in the seasonal utilization of grassland. However, there are increasing impacts from human activity in recent years. In this study the method to classify seasonal pastures was revised using the GIS technology with two factors including elevation and human population. With this method, the models of 8 regions of Qinghai province were constructed, and the accuracies and scales of the model map were adjusted, respectively. Finally, the accuracies of the map were 66.65%. This can reflect the real situation of utilization of seasonal pastures. The percentages of two seasonal grasslands were consistent with the percentage of traditional distribution.