宁夏中部干旱带几类土壤可蚀性对比研究

Studies & Compares on Different Field Types about Soil Erodibility in Ningxia Middle Arid Area

对比分析了旱作免耕农田、传统翻耕农田、冬小麦地、退耕草地(苜蓿地)和柠条林地地表粗糙度、风蚀量及其与地表附着物相关性等土壤可蚀性差异。结果表明:旱作传统翻耕农田就地起沙量最大,土壤可蚀性最小,是当地沙尘的主要来源之一;免耕、退耕草地和柠条林地都能有效减少地表风蚀,土壤可蚀性明显较强;传统翻耕农田、冬小麦地风蚀颗粒主要集中在近地表,为就地起沙;提高"杂草频度"即植被覆盖率,对有效防治就地起沙、提高土壤可蚀性效果明显。

We studies and comparative analysis of different field use types about soil erodibility and its surface roughness（Z0）,wind erosion quantity and its correlation with surface fixtures in no-tillage field,the traditional tillage field,winter wheat field,the returning farmland to grassland（alfalfa） and shrub（Caragana Fabr.） field. Observation we can see the traditional tillage field wind erosion is the most seriously,also soil erodibility is the least,is a major source of local dust storm.No-tillage,the returning farmland to grassland field,shrub field can be effective in reduces wind erosion,soil erodibility capacity also increases significantly.The mainly erosion field of conventional tillage fields,winter wheat are concentrate in the near-surface,it is belongs near-surface sand erosion.Improvement＂weeds-frequency degree＂that is,vegetation coverage can increases soil erodibility and prevents soil erosion obviously in arid area.